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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1998;13:160-164
© 1998 Elsevier Science NL

Tissue engineering: A new approach in cardiovascular surgery; Seeding of human fibroblasts followed by human endothelial cells on resorbable mesh¹

Clinic for Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Rämistrasse 100, CH-8091, Zurich, Switzerland

Received 30 September 1997; received in revised form 10 November 1997; accepted 19 November 1997.

Corresponding author. Tel.: +41 1 2551111; fax: +41 1 2554369; e-mail zund@chi.usz.ch

Objective: In tissue engineering the material properties of synthetic compounds are chosen to enable delivery of dissociated cells onto a scaffold in a manner that will result in in vitro formation of a new functional tissue. The seeding of human fibroblasts followed by human endothelial cells on resorbable mesh is a precondition of a successful creation of human tissues such as vessels or cardiac valves. Methods: Polymeric scaffolds (n=18) composed of polyglycolic acid (PGA) with a fiber diameter of 12–15 µm and a polymer density of 70 mg/ml were used as square sheets of 1x1x0.3 cm. Fibroblasts (passage 7) harvested from human foreskin were seeded (3.4x10⁶) and cultured over a 3 week period on a PGA-mesh, followed by seeding of endothelial cells (passage 5, 2.8x10⁶) harvested from human ascending aorta. Thereafter the new tissue was stained for HE, van Gieson, Trichrom–Masson, Factor VIII and CD 34 and proved by scanning electron microscopy. Results: Microscopic examination of the seeded mesh demonstrated that the human fibroblasts were attached to the polymeric fibers and had begun to spread out and divide. The scanning electron microscopic examination demonstrated a homogeneous scaffold resembling a solid sheet of tissue. The seeded endothelial cells formed a monolayer on the fibroblasts and no endothelial cell invasion or new formation of capillaris could be detected. Conclusions: These results are a first step to demonstrate that seeding of human fibroblasts and endothelial cells on PGA-mesh might be a feasible model to construct human tissues such as vessels or cardiac valves.

Key Words: Tissue engineering • Synthetic biodegradable matrix • Endothelial cells

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