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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 1998;14:156-164
© 1998 Elsevier Science NL
a United Kingdom Heart Valve Registry, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0HS, UK
b Department of Medical Statistics and Evaluation, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, UK
Received 29 September 1997; received in revised form 22 April 1998; accepted 28 April 1998.
Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 181 7499418; fax: +44 181 7499418.
Objective: To assess the 30-day mortality, long-term survival and freedom from reoperation following surgery for prosthetic endocarditis (PVE). Method: A retrospective analysis of data from the UK Heart Valve Registry of 322 patients who had undergone single mechanical/bioprosthetic valve replacement for PVE between 1 January 1986 and 31 December 1996. The mean age was 54.9±12.8 years and 213 (66.1%) were males. There were 170 aortic and 152 mitral valve implantations. Eighty-five (26%) of the infected valves were bioprosthetic and 237 (74%) were mechanical. Of the new prostheses implanted 53 (17%) were bioprosthetic and 269 (83%) were mechanical. Of those with infected bioprostheses, 50 (15.2%) had mechanical valves at redo surgery, whilst 219 (68.3%) of infected mechanical prostheses were re-replaced by mechanical prostheses. The follow-up was 98% complete with a total of 1084.9 patient years. Results: The 30-day mortality was 63 (19.9%; 95%CI 15.9–24.7%). There were 85 late deaths. One, 5 and 10 year survival rates were 67.1% (61.6–72.0%), 55.0% (49.0–60.7%) and 37.6% (27.9–47.2%), respectively. Age was the only significant determinant of 30-day mortality (P=0.04). Age (P=0.001) and explanting of infected bioprosthesis and replacement by mechanical valve (P=0.04) determined long-term survival (P=0.001). The incidence of re-reoperation was 9.9%. Freedom from reoperation for PVE was 88.4, 87.3 and 87.3% at 1, 5 and 10 years, respectively. Explanting of bioprosthesis and replacement by mechanical valve (P<0.001) and reoperation within 60 days of native valve replacement (P=0.02) were determinants of reoperation for PVE. Freedom from death or reoperation was 61.1, 50.6 and 34.2% at 1, 5 and 10 years, respectively. Age (P=0.003), explanting of bioprosthesis and replacement by mechanical valve (P=0.002) and the period between prosthetic re-replacement (P=0.04) determined freedom from death or reoperation. Conclusion: Operation for PVE carries a high 30-day mortality and reduced long-term survival. There is no evidence that type of prosthesis used for re-reoperation determines survival or freedom from re-reoperation.
Key Words: Prosthetic valve endocarditis • Operative mortality • Long-term survival
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