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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2000;17:666-672
© 2000 Elsevier Science NL

Is long-term functional outcome after lung volume reduction surgery predictable?

^a Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
^b Institute of Medical Computer Science, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria
^c Department of Pulmonology, Lainz Hospital, Vienna, Austria
^d Department of Anesthesiology, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, 1090 Vienna, Austria

Corresponding author. Tel.: +43-1-40400-5620; fax: +43-1-40400-5642
e-mail: wilfried.wisser{at}akh-wien.ac.at

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to analyze which preoperative parameters might predict a persistent improvement in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FeV1) 1 year after surgery. Methods: Seventy consecutive lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) patients (age, 56.5±1.2 years) with a follow-up period of at least 1 year were analyzed (from September 1994 to September 1997). The patients were described by lung function tests, blood gas analysis, ventilatory mechanics (intrinsic positive endexpiratory pressure (PEEP)) and morphometric data (degree of heterogeneity, DHG; degree of hyperinflation, DHI; severity of parenchymal destruction, SPD) preoperatively. Based on the postoperative course of FeV1 (percentual increase compared with preoperative values, % increase), patients were divided into four groups: group A, (n=21) no improvement (FeV120% increase); group B, (n=10) FeV120% increase, which declined to preoperative values after 1 year; group C, (n=18) FeV1, 20–40% increase, sustaining at 1 year; group D, (n=21) FeV140% increase, sustaining at 1 year. The statistics comprised of analysis of variance (ANOVA) and chi-square testing, with values presented as means±SEM. Results: No differences were found for lung function parameters (FeV1: 27.7±2.7, 26.0±2.5, 23.9±2.2 and 23.9±1.9% predicted, in groups A, B, C and D, respectively). Arterial blood gas levels preoperatively revealed significant differences between the groups; the arterial pO₂ was 66.2±1.2 mmHg in groups A+B compared with 61.8±1.5 mmHg in groups C+D (P=0.030). The arterial pCO₂ was 39.2±1.1 mmHg in groups A+B compared with 43.3±1.5 mmHg in groups C+D (P=0.038). The morphometric data had a strong trend towards higher heterogeneity in groups C and D. Marked DHI was found in 59 and 81% of patients in groups A+B versus C+D, respectively (P=0.121). Marked DHG was present in 22 and 54% of patients in groups A+B versus C+D, respectively (P=0.010). Conclusion: Preoperative arterial pO₂ and pCO₂, and the DHG are predictors for long-term benefit after LVRS with regard to the FeV1, 1 year postoperatively.

Key Words: Lung volume reduction surgery • Diffuse emphysema • Arterial blood gas levels

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