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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2001;20:367-371
© 2001 Elsevier Science NL

Evaluation of radiological and pathological prognostic factors in surgically-treated patients with bronchoalveolar carcinoma

^a Department of Thoracic Surgery, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
^b Department of Epidemiology, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
^c Department of Oncology, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
^d Department of Pathology, Scientific Institute H San Raffaele, Milan, Italy

Received 9 October 2000; received in revised form 1 February 2001; accepted 3 April 2001.

Corresponding author. Tel.: +39-2-26437138; fax: +39-2-26437147
e-mail: angelo.carretta{at}hsr.it

Objective: The incidence of adenocarcinoma and bronchoalveolar carcinoma has increased in recent years. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate radiological and pathological factors affecting survival in patients with bronchoalveolar carcinoma (BAC) or BAC associated with adenocarcinoma who underwent surgical treatment. Methods: From May 1988 to September 1999, 49 patients with BAC or BAC and adenocarcinoma underwent surgical treatment. Complete resection was performed in 42 patients. In these patients the impact of the following factors on survival was evaluated: stage, TNM status, radiological and pathological findings (percentage of bronchoalveolar carcinoma in the tumour, presence or absence of sclerosing and mucinous patterns, vascular invasion and lymphocytic infiltration). Results: Twenty-nine patients were male and 20 female. Mean age was 63 years. Five-year survival was 54%. Univariate analysis of the patients who underwent complete resection demonstrated a favourable impact on survival in stages Ia and Ib (P=0.01) and in the absence of nodal involvement (P=0.02) and mucinous patterns (P=0.02). Mucinous pattern was also prognostically relevant at multivariate analysis (P=0.02). In the 27 patients with stage Ia and Ib disease, univariate analysis demonstrated that the absence of mucinous pattern (P=0.006) and a higher percentage of BAC (P=0.01) favourably influenced survival. The latter data were also confirmed by multivariate analysis (P=0.01). Conclusion: Surgical treatment of early-stage BAC and combined BAC and adenocarcinoma is associated with favourable results. However, the definition of prognostic factors is of utmost importance to improve the results of the treatment. In our series tumours of the mucinous subtype and with a lower percentage of BAC had a worse prognosis.

Key Words: Broncholaveolar carcinoma • Prognostic factors • Radiology • Pathology • Surgery

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