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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2002;21:411-416
© 2002 Elsevier Science NL
a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospitals Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
b General Surgery, University Hospitals Leicester, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester LE3 9QP, UK
Received 2 November 2001; received in revised form 23 December 2001; accepted 23 December 2002.
* Corresponding author. Tel.: +44-116-250-2485; fax: +44-116-270-9664
e-mail: sudip.ghosh{at}uhl-tr.nhs.uk
Objective: Mesenteric ischaemia is an uncommon (<1%) but serious complication of cardiac surgery associated with a mortality >50%. Predictors of this complication are not well defined, and diagnosis can be difficult and prompt surgical intervention can be lifesaving. Methods and results: In a retrospective case-note analysis from May 1994 through to May 2000, we identified mesenteric ischaemia in 39 of 5349 consecutive patients (0.07%) undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. By logistic multivariate analysis, we have identified six possible predictors of intestinal ischaemia: duration of cross-clamp, use of significant inotropic support, intra-aortic balloon counterpulsation for low cardiac output, need for blood transfusions, triple vessel disease and peripheral vascular disease. In all patients a combination of four predictors were present. Patients who survived this complication had surgical intervention earlier (6.4±3.8 h) than those who did not (16.9±10 h). Conclusions: The diagnosis and prompt treatment of mesenteric ischaemia post cardiac surgery requires a high degree of awareness. These predictors may be useful in alerting medical staff to the possibility of gastro-intestinal ischaemic complications after cardiac surgery particularly that early surgical intervention reduces mortality.
Key Words: Intestinal ischaemia • Cardiac surgery
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