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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2005;27:35-44
© 2005 Elsevier Science NL

Review

Review of pediatric airway malacia and its management, with emphasis on stenting

^a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
^b Department of Pediatric Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
^c Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Freeman Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK

Received 13 July 2004; received in revised form 5 September 2004; accepted 4 October 2004.

^* Corresponding author. Address: Toronto General Hospital, 13 EN-222, 200 Elizabeth Street, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5G 2C4. Tel.: +1 416 715 9705. (E-mail: jain_freeman{at}hotmail.com).

Malacia of the pediatric airway presents itself in a variety of clinical circumstances. Pediatric airway stenting is a more recent treatment modality. Complications may necessitate stent removal. This is usually performed bronchoscopically. We were forced to surgically remove a complicated airway stent. The Palmaz stent had been inserted for bronchomalacia presenting after interrupted aortic arch surgery in a 4-month old child with DiGeorge syndrome. This prompted us to review pediatric airway malacia, its management options and long-term outcomes, in an attempt to crystallise the current status of this relatively uncommon and difficult issue. The role of stents is analysed.

Key Words: Tracheobronchomalacia • Airway stenting • Aortopexy

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