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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2005;27:94-98
© 2005 Elsevier Science NL

Total arterial revascularisation: effect of avoiding cardiopulmonary bypass on in-hospital mortality and morbidity in a propensity-matched cohort

^a Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Cardiothoracic Centre Liverpool, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3PE, UK
^b Department of Research and Development, The Cardiothoracic Centre Liverpool, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3PE, UK

Received 9 September 2004; received in revised form 19 October 2004; accepted 27 October 2004.

^* Corresponding author. Address: Clinical Governance Department, The Cardiothoracic Centre Liverpool, Thomas Drive, Liverpool L14 3PE, UK. Tel.: +44 151 293 2336; fax: +44 151 288 2371. (E-mail: tony.grayson{at}ctc.nhs.uk).

Objective: The combination of total arterial revascularisation and avoidance of cardiopulmonary bypass may provide additional benefits to patients receiving complete arterial grafting with cardiopulmonary bypass. We performed a propensity-matched cohort study of complete arterial off-pump and on-pump coronary surgery and examined differences in in-hospital mortality and morbidity. Methods: Three hundred and sixty patients who underwent off-pump coronary surgery with complete arterial grafting between April 1997 and September 2002 were matched to 360 patients who received coronary surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and complete arterial grafting. To match off-pump with unique on-pump patients, logistic regression was used to develop a propensity score for off-pump surgery. The C statistic for this model was 0.79. Off-pump patients were matched to unique on-pump patients with an identical 5-digit propensity score. If this could not be done, we then proceeded to a 4-, 3-, 2-, or 1-digit match. Results: Patient characteristics were well matched. There was no difference in in-hospital mortality between the groups. Off-pump patients were less likely to develop sternal wound infections compared to the on-pump group (2.5 versus 5.8%; P=0.03), and had significantly lower blood loss (675 versus 780ml; P<0.001), red blood cell unit transfusion (8.6 versus 38.9%; P<0.001), enzyme rises (13 versus 23U/l; P<0.001), inotrope support (11.9 versus 28.9%; P<0.001), and ventilation times (5 versus 8h; P<0.001). Intensive care unit and hospital stay were also significantly lower in the off-pump patients. Conclusions: Off-pump coronary surgery with complete arterial revascularisation can significantly reduce in-hospital morbidity and lengths of stay compared to conventional on-pump coronary surgery.

Key Words: Total arterial revascularisation • OPCAB • Coronary artery bypass surgery • Mortality • Morbidity • Propensity-matched

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