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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006;29:S259-S265
© 2006 Elsevier Science NL

Cell biology, MRI and geometry: insight into a microscopic/macroscopic marriage

^a Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
^b Option on Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
^c Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA

Received 2 February 2006; accepted 6 February 2006.

^_* Corresponding author. Address: Department of Surgery, Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Av. Dr. Enéas de Carvalho de Aguiar, 44–5th Floor, 05403-000 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. Tel.: +55 11 3069 5942; fax: +55 11 3069 5092. (Email: sergioaoliveira{at}incor.usp.br).

Objective: The concept of cell therapy as an adjunctive therapy to myocardial surgical revascularization for patients with severe coronary artery disease is illustrated by two case reports of ischemic cardiac disease that were unsuitable for revascularization by coronary grafting. The potential interaction of cell therapy, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of viability, and left ventricle (LV) restoration is described. Methods: Each patient had an ejection fraction below 30%, a relatively conical heart, and MRI gadolinium scan showing predominantly viable muscle. Results: Intramyocardial injections of autologous bone marrow-derived cells (BMC) were performed along with either incomplete coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) (to mother regions) or with transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMLR). An improvement in contractile function was seen at 6–12-month intervals after the procedure. Conclusions: The implications of possible underlying mechanisms of improvement in both myocardial perfusion and contractility suggest the striking importance of both micro- and macroenvironment for any cell-based therapeutic strategy. These observations imply that the interaction of cell biology, viability by MRI and geometry may be important in the future, as geometry can be restored surgically, and the new architectural form may develop enhanced function if it contains viable tissue and cell-based treatment can be delivered.

Key Words: Stem cells • CABG • Ventricular geometry • Late hyper enhancement • Sphericity index • Elliptical shape

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