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Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2006;30:744-748
© 2006 Elsevier Science NL

Neutrophil dysfunction after biomaterial contact in an in vitro model of cardiopulmonary bypass

^a Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
^b Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway

Received 25 April 2006; received in revised form 21 July 2006; accepted 9 August 2006.

^_* Corresponding author. Address: Department of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, N-7006 Trondheim, Norway. Tel.: +47 72 573200; fax: +47 72 576426. (Email: ann.asberg{at}ntnu.no).

Objective: Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) induces neutrophil degranulation and superoxide anion production in vivo. We hypothesized that CPB-associated neutrophil dysregulation alters neutrophil adhesion to vascular endothelial cells and the extracellular matrix. Methods: We, therefore, recirculated neutrophils in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubing using a roller pump model and thereafter measured adhesion to cultured microvascular endothelial cells and gelatin-coated surfaces. Recirculation-induced neutrophil priming or exhaustion was tested by boosting with phorbol myristate-acetate (PMA) or N-formyl-methiolyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) before quantification of adhesion. Results and conclusion: After recirculation, neutrophils retained their adhesive capability to vascular endothelial cells, whereas adhesion to gelatin increased. This increase was not seen when the neutrophils were recirculated with a rotator instead of a roller pump, indicating that not only the pump mode but also foreign surface contact was of significance. The neutrophil PMA response after recirculation was not altered compared to resting neutrophils prestimulated with PMA. Recirculated neutrophils adhered less to cultured vascular endothelial cells after FMLP activation and more to gelatin compared to resting neutrophils prestimulated with FMLP. It is conceivable that dysregulation of neutrophil adhesive capability may play a part in the development of tissue damage after CPB.

Key Words: Neutrophil • Endothelial cells • Adhesion • Polyvinylchloride • Inflammation