HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ARCHIVE SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS		QUICK SEARCH:   [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year:  Vol:  Page:

This Article Full Text Full Text (PDF) Alert me when this article is cited Alert me if a correction is posted Citation Map Services Email this article to a friend Similar articles in this journal Alert me to new issues of the journal Add to Personal Folders Download to citation manager Author home page(s): Mohsen Karimi Hani Hennein Permission Requests Citing Articles Citing Articles via Google Scholar Google Scholar Articles by Farouk, A. Articles by Hennein, H. Search for Related Content PubMed Articles by Farouk, A. Articles by Hennein, H. Related Collections Cerebral protection Congenital - acyanotic

Cerebral regional oxygenation during aortic coarctation repair in pediatric population

^a Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States
^b Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, United States

Received 10 November 2007; received in revised form 4 March 2008; accepted 25 March 2008.

^_* Corresponding author. Address: Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Suite 380, Cleveland, OH 44106, United States. Tel.: +1 216 844 3058; fax: +1 216 844 3517. (Email: hah11{at}case.edu).

Objective: During repair of aortic coarctation, clamping of the transverse aortic arch proximal to the left common carotid artery occludes blood flow to the left carotid and vertebral arteries. The objective of the present study is to determine whether blood flow through the right carotid and vertebral arteries provides adequate cerebral blood flow during aortic cross-clamping, as assessed by near-infrared spectroscopy. Methods: In 11 consecutive children undergoing aortic coarctation repair through a standard posterolateral thoracotomy, regional cerebral oxygen saturation (cSO₂) was measured using near-infrared spectroscopy. Six patients underwent an extended end-to-end repair, in which the aortic cross-clamp was placed in between the innominate and left common carotid arteries (extended repair group). Five patients underwent a standard end-to-end repair in which the cross-clamp was clamp placed between the left common carotid and subclavian arteries (standard repair group). Results: After aortic clamping, there was a significant decrease in cSO₂ in the extended repair group, whereas the cSO₂ increased in the standard repair group (–9.2 ± 12.2 vs 6.0 ± 5.1%, extended vs standard repair groups, p = 0.03). In the extended repair group, the cSO₂ decreased linearly during the aortic cross-clamping period (r _S = –0.842, p < 0.001), while in the standard repair group, the cSO₂ increased during the same time period (r _S = 0.786, p < 0.001). Regression analysis identified the site of aortic cross-clamping as the sole independently significant variable explaining changes in the cSO₂ during aortic cross-clamping (p < 0.03), whereas neither age nor duration of aortic cross-clamping was statistically significant. There were no postoperative neurological impairments in either group of patients. Conclusion: During aortic coarctation repair, aortic cross-clamping proximal, as compared to distal, to the left carotid artery is associated with significantly decreased regional cerebral oxygen saturation, as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy. Although no short-term clinical impairments were identified, long-term follow-up in a larger cohort is needed to study the effects of unbalanced cerebral oxygenation during clamping of the transverse arch. These data suggest that cerebral saturation monitoring is warranted, and may be indicative of cerebral hypoperfusion.

Key Words: Aortic coarctation • Cerebral protection • Near-infrared spectroscopy