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Reviews

Cardiac assistance from skeletal muscle: a reappraisal

Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Liverpool, The Sherrington Buildings, Ashton Street, Liverpool L69 3GE, UK

Received 18 July 2008; received in revised form 3 September 2008; accepted 10 September 2008.

^_* Corresponding author. Tel.: +44 151 794 5496; fax: +44 151 794 5517. (Email: s.salmons{at}liverpool.ac.uk).

Cardiac assistance from skeletal muscle offers an attractive surgical solution to the problem of end-stage heart failure, yet it is widely regarded as a failed approach. I argue here that this is an outdated assessment. Systematic progress has been made over the last 25 years in understanding the relevant basic science. In the light of these advances we should be reconsidering the place of skeletal muscle assist in the surgical armamentarium.

Key Words: Cardiac assist • Latissimus dorsi muscle • Cardiomyoplasty • Skeletal muscle ventricle • Conditioning • Graft viability

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